A routine checkup, CMP Blood test can help you find about certain health problems well before your body show symptoms. Here let’s check out everything about this blood test that can check your liver, kidney and metabolic disorders.
What is a CMP Blood test?
A Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) is a blood test that offers vital information about a person’s overall health as well as the state of their body’s metabolic activities. CMP Blood Test includes a comprehensive set of tests covering glucose levels, kidney function, electrolyte balance, liver health, and protein levels. CMP in all covers 14 tests.
Know all about the 14 Blood Tests Covered Under CMP Blood Test
It is made up of a series of CMP blood test that measures numerous chemicals in the blood, such as:
1. Glucose
This test measures blood sugar levels. Diabetes may be indicated by elevated levels.
What are the normal values of Glucose?
- For male – 70-99 mg/dL (3.9-5.5 mmol/L)
- For female – 70-99 mg/dL (3.9-5.5 mmol/L)
What does low Glucose indicate?
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
What does high Glucose indicate?
Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), possibly indicating diabetes.
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2. BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
This metric measures kidney function. Elevated amounts could point to renal impairment.
What are the normal values of BUN?
- For male – 7-20 mg/dL (2.5-7.1 mmol/L)
- For female – 7-20 mg/dL (2.5-7.1 mmol/L)
What does low BUN indicate?
Found in severe liver disease or malnutrition.
What does high BUN indicate?
Kidney failure, dehydration, and heart failure.
3. Creatinine
Creatinine is yet another indicator of renal function. Elevated amounts could indicate kidney issues.
What are the normal values of Creatinine?
- For male – 0.84-1.21 mg/dL (74-107 µmol/L)
- For female – 0.65-0.95 mg/dL (57-84 µmol/L)
What does low Creatinine indicate?
Extremely rare; may suggest decreased muscle mass or serious liver illness.
What does high Creatinine indicate?
Kidney issues or diseases that impair kidney function.
4. Sodium
Sodium is essential for fluid homeostasis and nerve function.
What are the normal values of Sodium?
- For male – 135-145 mmol/L
- For female – 23-29 mmol/L
What does low Sodium indicate?
Hyponatremia can result from a variety of medical problems or drugs.
What does high Sodium indicate?
Hypernatremia is frequently caused by dehydration or certain medical problems.
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5. Potassium
Required for muscle and neuron function, as well as heart rhythm maintenance.
What are the normal values of Potassium?
- For male – 3.5-5.1 mmol/L
- For female – 3.5-5.1 mmol/L
What does low Potassium indicate?
Hypokalemia can be caused by a variety of medical conditions or drugs.
What does high Potassium indicate?
Hyperkalemia, which may signal kidney failure or other medical problems.
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6. CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
Reflects the body’s acid-base balance.
What are the normal values of CO2?
- For male – 23-29 mmol/L
- For female – 23-29 mmol/L
What does low CO2 indicate?
Metabolic acidosis is caused by certain medical conditions or drugs.
What does high CO2 indicate?
Respiratory alkalosis is frequently caused by hyperventilation or lung problems.
7. Chloride
An electrolyte that is essential for fluid balance.
What are the normal values of Chloride?
- For male – 95-105 mmol/L
- For female – 95-105 mmol/L
What does low Chloride indicate?
Hypochloremia can occur as a result of certain medical conditions or drugs.
What does high Chloride indicate?
Hyperchloremia can be caused by dehydration or other medical problems.
8. Calcium
Calcium is necessary for bone health, muscular function, and clotting of blood.
What are the normal values of Calcium?
- For male – 8.5-10.5 mg/dL (2.13-2.63 mmol/L)
- For female – 8.5-10.5 mg/dL (2.13-2.63 mmol/L)
What does low Calcium indicate?
Hypocalcemia is caused by a variety of medical conditions or drugs.
What does high Calcium indicate?
High levels of hypercalcemia may indicate parathyroid gland malfunction or other problems.
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9. Total protein
This test determines the total amount of proteins in the blood.
What are the normal values of Total protein?
- For male – 6.0-8.3 g/dL (60-83 g/L)
- For female – 6.0-8.3 g/dL (60-83 g/L)
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What does low Total protein indicate?
Hypoproteinemia, which can be caused by starvation, liver, or renal illness.
What does high Total protein indicate?
Hyperproteinemia can be caused by a variety of medical problems or dehydration.
10. Albumin
Albumin is a type of protein that is essential for maintaining blood volume and managing fluid balance.
What are the normal values of Albumin?
- For male – 3.4-5.4 g/dL (34-54 g/L)
- For female – 3.4-5.4 g/dL (34-54 g/L)
What does low Albumin indicate?
Hypoalbuminemia can occur as a result of liver illness, malnutrition, or kidney disease.
What does high Albumin indicate?
Hyperalbuminemia is a less common illness caused by dehydration or other medical disorders.
11. Total Bilirubin
A measure of the breakdown product of red blood cells that can be used to assess liver health.
What are the normal values of Total Bilirubin?
- For male – 0.2-1.2 mg/dL (3.4-20.5 µmol/L)
- For female – 0.2-1.2 mg/dL (3.4-20.5 µmol/L)
What does low Total Bilirubin indicate?
Low levels are generally not clinically significant.
What does high Total Bilirubin indicate?
Hyperbilirubinemia can be caused by liver disease or other medical disorders.
12. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) is a liver and bone enzyme. Elevated levels may indicate a liver or bone problem.
What are the normal values of ALP?
- For males – 30-115 U/L
- For female – 30-115 U/L
What does low ALP indicate?
Low levels are generally not clinically significant
What does high ALP indicate?
High ALP levels can be caused by liver disease, bone abnormalities, or other medical diseases.
13. AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), also known as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), is an enzyme found throughout the body, with the largest amounts found in the liver and heart muscle.
What are the normal values of AST?
- For males – 0-40 U/L
- For females – 0-40 U/L
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What does low AST indicate?
Low levels are generally not clinically significant.
What does high AST indicate?
A high AST level can indicate liver illness, cardiac muscle injury, or other medical problems.
14. ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) occurs mainly in the liver. It is essential for the metabolism of amino acids, particularly alanine.
What are the normal values of ALT?
- For males – 0-44 U/L
- For females – 0-44 U/L
What does low ALT indicate?
Low levels are generally not clinically significant.
What does high ALT indicate?
High ALT levels may indicate liver disease, hepatitis, or other medical disorders.
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In conclusion, the CMP blood test gives a comprehensive analysis of a person’s metabolic health and organ performance. These tests provide vital insights into an individual’s overall health, assisting healthcare practitioners in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing a variety of medical disorders.
The CMP is a valuable tool for routine health checks, detecting chronic conditions, and analyzing the impact of medications or therapies. It provides medical professionals with a valuable overview of the body’s metabolic health, directing them to provide personalized care.
Also, watch the Health View web series: 10 Essential Blood Tests to Get Annually
