All You Need To Know About Butylated Hydroxyanisole, Food Additive E320 Used In Processed Foods

In our modern world, where food travels long distances and sits on shelves for extended periods, preserving its freshness becomes important. Butylated Hydroxyanisole, or BHA, is one such food antioxidant that plays a significant role in extending the shelf life of many food products. Athough it is GRAS – Generally recognized as safe, concerns have been raised because it comes under category 2B of food additives that can possibly be carcinogenic to humans regarding its safety and potential health effects just like high traces of ethylene oxide (Group 1 carcinogen) found in Indian spices. In this article, we get into the details – what BHA food additive E320 is, its uses in the food industry, FDA regulations, associated health risks, and how to minimize exposure.

What is Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) – Food Additive E320?

Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a synthetic antioxidant primarily used to prevent oils and fats from spoiling due to oxidation. It is commonly added to a variety of processed foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. (Source)

What are the List of Foods Containing BHA?

BHA can be found in a wide range of food products, including:

1. Breakfast cereals
2. Snack foods (potato chips, crackers)
3. Baked goods (bread, cookies)
4. Chewing gum
5. Dehydrated potatoes
6. Instant noodles
7. Edible oils and fats

Why is Food Additives BHA Used in the Food Industry? What are the Applications

BHA or Food additive E320 serves as an effective preservative in the food industry by:

1. Extending the shelf life of products.
2. Preventing rancidity in oils and fats.
3. Retaining flavor and color in processed foods.
4. Protecting against the deterioration of vitamins and other nutrients.

The Risky and Harmful Side-Effects of BHA to Human Health are:

While BHA is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies when used in small amounts, excessive consumption or prolonged exposure to high levels of BHA may pose health risks, including:

1. Carcinogenic potential: Studies on laboratory animals and cohort study in Netherlands have shown a link between high doses of BHA and cancer, particularly in the stomach and liver.
2. Endocrine disruption: BHA has been reported to interfere with hormone function, although further research is needed to fully understand its impact on human health.
3. Allergic reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions or skin irritation upon exposure to BHA.
4. Liver Dysfunction: High levels of BHA consumption have been implicated in liver damage or dysfunction, affecting liver health and metabolism.

What are the FDA regulation for Food Additive BHA?

• BHA, or Butylated Hydroxyanisole, is considered safe for use in food when the total antioxidants do not exceed 0.02% of fat or oil content.
• It is permitted as a food additive directly added to food for human consumption under regulations 21 CFR 172 and 166.
• BHA can also be used in the production of food packaging materials, with a maximum addition limit of 0.005%.
• Additionally, it serves as an antioxidant in defoaming agents for processed foods, with a maximum usage of 0.1% by weight of defoamer.

List of Diseases Associated with High BHA Levels:

Excessive consumption of BHA or food additive E320 has been linked to several health conditions, including:

1. Cancer (especially stomach and liver cancer)
2. Liver damage
3. Kidney damage
4. Thyroid dysfunction
5. Developmental and reproductive toxicity

How to Minimize the Exposure to Food Chemical BHA Used in Processed Food?

To minimize exposure to BHA and reduce associated health risks, consider the following precautions:

1. Read food labels and choose products with minimal or no additives, including BHA.
2. Opt for fresh, whole foods whenever possible.
3. Limit consumption of processed and packaged foods containing BHA.
4. Use natural antioxidants, such as vitamin E or rosemary extract, as alternatives in food preservation.
5. Advocate for stricter regulations and transparency in food labeling and additives.

In conclusion, while Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) serves as a valuable tool in extending the shelf life of food products, its safety and long-term health effects remain a topic of debate. By understanding its uses, potential risks, and how to minimize exposure, consumers can make informed choices to promote their health and well-being.

Also Read: Know The Health Side Effects of Aluminum Utensils For Better Wellbeing

Sources and References:

• U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
• European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
• National Institutes of Health (NIH)
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• Scientific journals and peer-reviewed research articles.